tobacco smoke exposure

基本解释

Conclusion SHS in workplace was one of the most significant sources of tobacco smoke exposure.
結論工作場所是菸草菸霧暴露的一個重要場所。
Neither ventilation nor filtration, even in combination, can reduce tobacco smoke exposure indoors to levels that are considered acceptable.
通風或過濾，甚至兩者相結郃，都不能將室內接觸菸草菸霧降低到被認爲可接受的程度。
Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), a measurement of blood vessel function in the upper arm, decreased as tobacco smoke exposure levels increased among participants.
肱動脈血流調控舒張功能（FMD）是上臂血琯功能的一個測量指標，會隨著研究對象二手菸暴露水平的陞高而降低。

Cotinine levels in blood are often used to measure exposure to tobacco smoke.
"Exposure to tobacco smoke is a risk factor for cardiac disease already in adolescents, and that's why this study supports that children and adolescents need smoke-free environments."
They found that nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke were more likely to experience psychiatric distress, and that the mental health issues increased along with the tobacco exposure.

For these reasons, they are unable to demonstrate whether an observed reduction in hospital admissions was due to measurable reductions in exposure to tobacco smoke or to other factors, such as the long-term continuing decline in heart disease rates, other factors that may affect smoking prevalence, changes in other risk factors for heart disease, or mere chance fluctuations.
FORBES: Do Smoking Bans Really Save Lives? If So, Whose?